Free sample. This preview shows 1 of 5 indicator(s) and 3 of 20 economies, and omits the share, trend, momentum and full year-by-year sections. The complete report is at GET /report/shock-covid for a small USDC payment over x402, as HTML, JSON or CSV. A free machine-readable cross-section is at GET /preview/shock-covid.

COVID-19 Shock Snapshot — 2020-2021, 20 Economies — free sample

Generated: 2026-09-24T04:43:44.873Z | Range: 2020–2021 | Source: World Bank Open Data (CC BY 4.0)

Key findings

This report covers 3 economies and 1 indicator over 2020–2021, containing 6 published observations (100% of the 6 requested year × economy cells). Every figure is reproduced from World Bank Open Data and recomputed into growth, share, trend-fit, momentum, volatility, concentration and data-quality views. Values are also available as JSON and CSV from the same endpoint.

Coverage is 100% of the requested grid (6 of 6 economy-year cells across 1 indicator × 3 economies).
Widest rate spread: GDP growth (annual %) differs by 5.0 pp across economies (China vs Japan).

Indicator	Rank 1	Latest value	CAGR / period avg	Trend	Economies	Latest yr
GDP growth (annual %)	China	8.57	5.45%	—	3	2021

GDP growth (annual %)

Latest reading is highest in China at 8.57% and lowest in Japan at 3.56%. Period average is 2.38%, with a cross-economy spread of 5.01 percentage points. This is a rate of change rather than a level, so compound growth and a growth index are not defined for it; the trend is reported in percentage points per year. The largest covered value is 2.4× the smallest. 3 economies covered; latest observation year 2021.

Latest reading, by economy

Ranked detail

Group average over the period: 2.38%. Cross-economy spread of the latest reading: 5.01 percentage points. A rate of change has no compound growth rate, so none is reported.

#	Economy	Latest	Period avg	Trend pp/yr	Pctile
1	China	8.57	5.45	—	100
2	United States	6.15	2.04	—	67
3	Japan	3.56	-0.359	—	33

Period average is the mean of the annual readings across the covered years. Trend pp/yr is the ordinary-least-squares slope in percentage points per year — the unit this indicator is already measured in. Percentile ranks this economy within the covered group.

Trend and dynamics

Economy	Trend pp/yr	Trend R²	Momentum	Half-period shift	Volatility	Latest YoY	Peak / trough yr	Outlier years
China	—	—	—	—	—	+266.3%	2021 / 2020	—
United States	—	—	—	—	—	+395.6%	2021 / 2020	—
Japan	—	—	—	—	—	+183.2%	2021 / 2020	—

Trend is the ordinary-least-squares fit of value on year, reported with its R² — how much of the movement the straight line explains, in percentage points per year because this series is already a rate. Momentum is the mean change of the last three years minus the mean of the three before it, in percentage points. Half-period shift compares the second half of the window against the first. Volatility is the standard deviation of year-over-year change. Outlier years exceed 2.5 standard deviations from that economy's own average change.

Data quality

Economy	Published	Expected	Coverage	Span	Missing years
China	2	2	100%	2020–2021	—
United States	2	2	100%	2020–2021	—
Japan	2	2	100%	2020–2021	—

Full year-by-year data

Economy	2020	2021
China	2.34	8.57
United States	-2.08	6.15
Japan	-4.28	3.56

MethodologySeries are pulled from the official source API and null observations dropped. CAGR = (end/start)^(1/years) − 1. Index uses the first year of the range as 100. Trend is an OLS fit of value on year, reported as a percentage of the period mean alongside its R². Volatility = standard deviation of year-over-year percentage change (percentage points). Momentum compares the last three years against the three before. Share = economy value ÷ sum of the covered economies. HHI = sum of squared shares; its reciprocal estimates the number of evenly sized economies. Cross-indicator correlation is Pearson's r on pooled year-over-year changes.
CoverageRequested: 1 indicator(s) × 3 economies × 2 years = 6 cells; published: 6 (100.0%). Sparse indicators are declared in the Data quality section of each indicator.
FormatsThis document is the HTML delivery. Append ?format=json for the full structured payload (series plus every derived metric) or ?format=csv for the tidy long-format panel. The JSON schema is published at /schema/report.json.
LicenceData © World Bank Open Data (CC BY 4.0), attribution required. Generated by an automated pipeline; research reference only, not investment advice.
DisclaimerValues are reproduced as published by the source; some years may be estimates, nowcasts or subsequently revised figures. Correlations are descriptive statistics, not causal claims.